About: Boston desegregation busing crisis

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The desegregation of Boston public schools (1974–1988) was a period in which the Boston Public Schools were under court control to desegregate through a system of busing students. The call for desegregation and the first years of its implementation led to a series of racial protests and riots that brought national attention, particularly from 1974 to 1976. In response to the Massachusetts legislature's enactment of the 1965 Racial Imbalance Act, which ordered the state's public schools to desegregate, W. Arthur Garrity Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts laid out a plan for compulsory busing of students between predominantly white and black areas of the city. The hard control of the desegregation plan lasted for over a decade. It influenced Boston poli

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  • The desegregation of Boston public schools (1974–1988) was a period in which the Boston Public Schools were under court control to desegregate through a system of busing students. The call for desegregation and the first years of its implementation led to a series of racial protests and riots that brought national attention, particularly from 1974 to 1976. In response to the Massachusetts legislature's enactment of the 1965 Racial Imbalance Act, which ordered the state's public schools to desegregate, W. Arthur Garrity Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts laid out a plan for compulsory busing of students between predominantly white and black areas of the city. The hard control of the desegregation plan lasted for over a decade. It influenced Boston politics and contributed to demographic shifts of Boston's school-age population, leading to a decline of public-school enrollment and white flight to the suburbs. Full control of the desegregation plan was transferred to the Boston School Committee in 1988; in 2013 the busing system was replaced by one with dramatically reduced busing. (en)
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  • 1122263915 (xsd:integer)
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  • 0001-04-05 (xsd:gMonthDay)
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  • Desegregation busing ordered in accordance with the Massachusetts Racial Imbalance Act of 1965 in Phase I and Phase II rulings from Massachusetts U.S. District Court Judge W. Arthur Garrity Jr. in Morgan v. Hennigan. (en)
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  • 1974 (xsd:integer)
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  • the Post–civil rights era (en)
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  • *From September 1974 to September 1976, at least 40 riots occur . *In December 1975, Judge Garrity orders South Boston High School put under federal receivership. *In June 1976, U.S. Supreme Court under Chief Justice Warren E. Burger unanimously declines to hear Boston School Committee's appeal of Phase II ruling. *In September 1985, Judge Garrity orders jurisdiction of Boston Public Schools returned to city School Committee. *In May 1990, Judge Garrity delivers final ruling in Morgan v. Hennigan. *Incidents of interracial violence would continue through at least 1993. (en)
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  • Boston busing desegregation (en)
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  • The desegregation of Boston public schools (1974–1988) was a period in which the Boston Public Schools were under court control to desegregate through a system of busing students. The call for desegregation and the first years of its implementation led to a series of racial protests and riots that brought national attention, particularly from 1974 to 1976. In response to the Massachusetts legislature's enactment of the 1965 Racial Imbalance Act, which ordered the state's public schools to desegregate, W. Arthur Garrity Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts laid out a plan for compulsory busing of students between predominantly white and black areas of the city. The hard control of the desegregation plan lasted for over a decade. It influenced Boston poli (en)
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  • Boston desegregation busing crisis (en)
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