Semantic similarity is a metric defined over a set of documents or terms, where the idea of distance between items is based on the likeness of their meaning or semantic content as opposed to lexicographical similarity. These are mathematical tools used to estimate the strength of the semantic relationship between units of language, concepts or instances, through a numerical description obtained according to the comparison of information supporting their meaning or describing their nature. The term semantic similarity is often confused with semantic relatedness. Semantic relatedness includes any relation between two terms, while semantic similarity only includes "is a" relations.For example, "car" is similar to "bus", but is also related to "road" and "driving".
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| - La similarité sémantique est une notion définie entre deux concepts soit au sein d'une même hiérarchie conceptuelle, soit - dans le cas d'alignement d'ontologies - entre deux concepts appartenant respectivement à deux hiérarchies conceptuelles distinctes. La similarité sémantique indique que ces deux concepts possèdent un grand nombre d'éléments en commun (propriétés, termes, instances).
- La similitud semántica en el área de procesamiento de lenguajes naturales, es la medida de la interrelación existente entre dos palabras cualesquiera en un texto. Este concepto se fundamenta en la idea que se tiene en lingüística sobre la coexistencia de palabras y del discurso coherente. Dos palabras o términos por el hecho de tener su existencia en un mismo documento poseen un contexto similar. Se entiende que estas dos palabras están relacionadas, y por lo tanto se puede deducir su distancia semántica.
- Semantic similarity is a metric defined over a set of documents or terms, where the idea of distance between items is based on the likeness of their meaning or semantic content as opposed to lexicographical similarity. These are mathematical tools used to estimate the strength of the semantic relationship between units of language, concepts or instances, through a numerical description obtained according to the comparison of information supporting their meaning or describing their nature. The term semantic similarity is often confused with semantic relatedness. Semantic relatedness includes any relation between two terms, while semantic similarity only includes "is a" relations.For example, "car" is similar to "bus", but is also related to "road" and "driving". Computationally, semantic similarity can be estimated by defining a topological similarity, by using ontologies to define the distance between terms/concepts. For example, a naive metric for the comparison of concepts ordered in a partially ordered set and represented as nodes of a directed acyclic graph (e.g., a taxonomy), would be the shortest-path linking the two concept nodes. Based on text analyses, semantic relatedness between units of language (e.g., words, sentences) can also be estimated using statistical means such as a vector space model to correlate words and textual contexts from a suitable text corpus. The evaluation of the proposed semantic similarity / relatedness measures are evaluated through two main ways. The former is based on the use of datasets designed by experts and composed of word pairs with semantic similarity / relatedness degree estimation. The second way is based on the integration of the measures inside specific applications such as information retrieval, recommender systems, natural language processing, etc.
- Semantische Nähe ist ein Konzept, das die Ähnlichkeit von Dokumenten oder Begriffen nach Art ihres Inhaltes (Bedeutung, Semantik) beschreibt. Veranschaulichen kann man semantische Nähe mit Hilfe von „Landkarten“, in denen ähnliche Dokumente oder Begriffe nahe aneinandergerückt werden, unähnliche aber weiter auseinander. Dies geschieht z. B. – oft unwillkürlich – bei der Erstellung von Mind Maps. Es existieren auch für das Web diverse Visualisierungstools, mit deren Hilfe die semantische Nähe von Webseiten(inhalten) veranschaulicht wird . Die Definition der semantischen Nähe ist ein Problemfeld bei der Nutzung von Ontologien zur und der semantischen Suche, insbesondere im semantischen Web.
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| - La similarité sémantique est une notion définie entre deux concepts soit au sein d'une même hiérarchie conceptuelle, soit - dans le cas d'alignement d'ontologies - entre deux concepts appartenant respectivement à deux hiérarchies conceptuelles distinctes. La similarité sémantique indique que ces deux concepts possèdent un grand nombre d'éléments en commun (propriétés, termes, instances).
- La similitud semántica en el área de procesamiento de lenguajes naturales, es la medida de la interrelación existente entre dos palabras cualesquiera en un texto. Este concepto se fundamenta en la idea que se tiene en lingüística sobre la coexistencia de palabras y del discurso coherente. Dos palabras o términos por el hecho de tener su existencia en un mismo documento poseen un contexto similar. Se entiende que estas dos palabras están relacionadas, y por lo tanto se puede deducir su distancia semántica.
- Semantische Nähe ist ein Konzept, das die Ähnlichkeit von Dokumenten oder Begriffen nach Art ihres Inhaltes (Bedeutung, Semantik) beschreibt. Veranschaulichen kann man semantische Nähe mit Hilfe von „Landkarten“, in denen ähnliche Dokumente oder Begriffe nahe aneinandergerückt werden, unähnliche aber weiter auseinander. Dies geschieht z. B. – oft unwillkürlich – bei der Erstellung von Mind Maps. Es existieren auch für das Web diverse Visualisierungstools, mit deren Hilfe die semantische Nähe von Webseiten(inhalten) veranschaulicht wird .
- Semantic similarity is a metric defined over a set of documents or terms, where the idea of distance between items is based on the likeness of their meaning or semantic content as opposed to lexicographical similarity. These are mathematical tools used to estimate the strength of the semantic relationship between units of language, concepts or instances, through a numerical description obtained according to the comparison of information supporting their meaning or describing their nature. The term semantic similarity is often confused with semantic relatedness. Semantic relatedness includes any relation between two terms, while semantic similarity only includes "is a" relations.For example, "car" is similar to "bus", but is also related to "road" and "driving".
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| label
| - Semantic similarity
- Semantische Nähe
- Similarité sémantique
- Similitud semántica
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