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Justicia como equidad (o como imparcialidad) es la frase usada por el filósofo John Rawls para referirse a su teoría de la justicia. Corresponde también al título de un ensayo sobre el tema escrito en 1958 (Justicia como equidad).​ Es referencia obligada la obra Teoría de la justicia del mismo autor. Il principio di differenziazione, nel campo del diritto amministrativo, stabilisce che nell'attribuzione di una funzione amministrativa ai diversi livelli di enti di governo (comuni-province-città metropolitane-regioni-stato) si debbano considerare le caratteristiche relative alle rispettive capacità di governo degli enti amministrativi riceventi; queste sono caratteristiche demografiche, territoriali, associative, strutturali che possono variare anche in misura notevole nella realtà del paese. Il principio di differenziazione è citato nell'ordinamento italiano all'art. 118 della Costituzione, così come rinnovato dalla Legge Costituzionale 3/2001 per la Riforma del Titolo V della Costituzione, unitariamente al principio di sussidiarietà e al principio di adeguatezza. Il principio di sussidiarietà fu già introdotto dalla L. 59/1997 (Legge Bassanini). Differensprincipen är den princip som säger att ojämlikheter i samhället är rättfärdigade endast om de gynnar de sämst ställda. Principen formulerades först i John Rawls bok A Theory of Justice från 1971 (i svensk översättning En teori om rättvisa). Rawls grundtanke är att ojämlikhet måste tjäna den som har det sämst, det vill säga att en viss ojämlikhet är legitim när den innebär att de som har det sämst likväl får det bättre än de annars skulle haft det utan denna ojämlikhet. "Justice as Fairness: Political not Metaphysical" is an essay by John Rawls, published in 1985. In it he describes his conception of justice. It comprises two main principles of liberty and equality; the second is subdivided into Fair Equality of Opportunity and the Difference Principle. Rawls arranges the principles in 'lexical priority', prioritising in the order of the Liberty Principle, Fair Equality of Opportunity and the Difference Principle. This order determines the priorities of the principles if they conflict in practice. The principles are, however, intended as a single, comprehensive conception of justice—'Justice as Fairness'—and not to function individually. These principles are always applied so as to ensure that the "least advantaged" are benefitted and not hurt or forgotten. Rawls originally presented the theory in his 1971 book A Theory of Justice, subsequently expanding upon several of its themes in his later book titled Political Liberalism. La Justice comme équité est une conception de la justice développée par John Rawls dans plusieurs articles et ouvrages : Justice as Fairness, Justice as Fairness: Political not Metaphysical (1985), Libéralisme politique (1993) et La justice comme équité : une reformulation de Théorie de la justice (2001). Rawls a présenté sa théorie dans son ouvrage Théorie de la justice. Cette conception se résume à deux principes de justice : le principe de liberté et le principe d'égalité, ce dernier étant divisé en un principe de juste égalité des chances et un principe de différence. Rawls classe ces principes par ordre de priorité. Il donne ainsi « la priorité de la liberté » ce qui « signifie que la liberté ne peut être limitée qu’au nom de la liberté elle-même » puis suivent la juste égalité des chances et le principe de différence. Cet ordre permet de résoudre les conflits entre les différentes priorités dans la pratique. Néanmoins ces principes sont à prendre comme une conception globale de la justice, « la justice comme équité » et ne sont pas destinés à être employés individuellement. Ces principes sont toujours appliqués afin d'assurer que les « plus désavantagés » ne soient pas oubliés. 作为公平的正义，政治而非形而上学是美国哲学家约翰·罗尔斯的一篇文章，发表于1985年。在这篇文章中，他描述了他对正义的概念。它包括两个主要的原则：自由原则和平等原则。罗尔斯以"词汇优先"的方式安排这些原则，按照自由原则、公平机会平等和差异原则的顺序排列。如果这些原则在实践中发生冲突，这种顺序决定了它们的优先次序。然而，这些原则旨在作为一个单一的、全面的正义概念--"正义即公平"，而不是单独发挥作用。这些原则的应用始终是为了确保"最不利的人"能够受益，而不是受到伤害或被遗忘。罗尔斯最初在1971年出版的《正义论》一书中提出了这一理论，随后在他后来出版的《》一书中扩展了其中的几个主题。
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"Justice as Fairness: Political not Metaphysical" is an essay by John Rawls, published in 1985. In it he describes his conception of justice. It comprises two main principles of liberty and equality; the second is subdivided into Fair Equality of Opportunity and the Difference Principle. Rawls originally presented the theory in his 1971 book A Theory of Justice, subsequently expanding upon several of its themes in his later book titled Political Liberalism. Justicia como equidad (o como imparcialidad) es la frase usada por el filósofo John Rawls para referirse a su teoría de la justicia. Corresponde también al título de un ensayo sobre el tema escrito en 1958 (Justicia como equidad).​ Es referencia obligada la obra Teoría de la justicia del mismo autor. La Justice comme équité est une conception de la justice développée par John Rawls dans plusieurs articles et ouvrages : Justice as Fairness, Justice as Fairness: Political not Metaphysical (1985), Libéralisme politique (1993) et La justice comme équité : une reformulation de Théorie de la justice (2001). Rawls a présenté sa théorie dans son ouvrage Théorie de la justice. Cette conception se résume à deux principes de justice : le principe de liberté et le principe d'égalité, ce dernier étant divisé en un principe de juste égalité des chances et un principe de différence. Il principio di differenziazione, nel campo del diritto amministrativo, stabilisce che nell'attribuzione di una funzione amministrativa ai diversi livelli di enti di governo (comuni-province-città metropolitane-regioni-stato) si debbano considerare le caratteristiche relative alle rispettive capacità di governo degli enti amministrativi riceventi; queste sono caratteristiche demografiche, territoriali, associative, strutturali che possono variare anche in misura notevole nella realtà del paese. 作为公平的正义，政治而非形而上学是美国哲学家约翰·罗尔斯的一篇文章，发表于1985年。在这篇文章中，他描述了他对正义的概念。它包括两个主要的原则：自由原则和平等原则。罗尔斯以"词汇优先"的方式安排这些原则，按照自由原则、公平机会平等和差异原则的顺序排列。如果这些原则在实践中发生冲突，这种顺序决定了它们的优先次序。然而，这些原则旨在作为一个单一的、全面的正义概念--"正义即公平"，而不是单独发挥作用。这些原则的应用始终是为了确保"最不利的人"能够受益，而不是受到伤害或被遗忘。罗尔斯最初在1971年出版的《正义论》一书中提出了这一理论，随后在他后来出版的《》一书中扩展了其中的几个主题。 Differensprincipen är den princip som säger att ojämlikheter i samhället är rättfärdigade endast om de gynnar de sämst ställda. Principen formulerades först i John Rawls bok A Theory of Justice från 1971 (i svensk översättning En teori om rättvisa). Rawls grundtanke är att ojämlikhet måste tjäna den som har det sämst, det vill säga att en viss ojämlikhet är legitim när den innebär att de som har det sämst likväl får det bättre än de annars skulle haft det utan denna ojämlikhet.
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